Often speculators also hire people to set forests on fire in order to claim land title deeds for the areas that have become " degraded forest". Yearly wildfires are started on purpose by local farmers during the dry season in different areas of Northern Thailand. Īt higher elevations, above about 1,000 metres (3,300 ft), one of the main crops was opium until the 1990s, when the combined effects of development became evident - from the construction of roads into the remote area, increasingly efficient policing, and opium replacement programs. Certain Kayah and Karen communities, like the 'Long-necked Karen', are regularly visited by organized tourist groups. Owing to the unrest in Burma, some refugee camps have been established for the cross-border refugees in the Thai highlands. For the past decades these groups have been undergoing a process of integration into the Thai mainstream. These human groups immigrated into this relatively empty region fleeing persecution or harsh central rule in their respective environments, as well as seeking new land for their shifting agricultural productions system. įor centuries the Thai highlands have been inhabited with hill tribes mostly from Chinese or Tibeto-Burman descent, such as the Akha, Yao, Lahu, Khmu, Hmong and Lisu. Swidden agricultural practices and logging have much reduced the pristine old-growth forest areas which have been replaced by secondary forest. The natural environment of the hills used to be dense montane rain forest. The Pai River in the northwest flows westwards into the Salween and the northeastern part is drained by rivers of the Mekong basin, like the Kok and Ing. Towards the east, as well as in the Wang and Yom drainage basins, they are lower. The ranges separating the main rivers are generally steep, high and continuous. Ī great part of the highland area is drained by rivers Ping, Wang, Yom and Nan, all tributaries of the Chao Phraya River flowing in a roughly southern direction. The remaining mountainous region of parallel ranges that extend into northern Laos includes the Khun Tan Range (ทิวเขาขุนตาน), the Phi Pan Nam Range (ทิวเขาผีปันน้ำ), the Phlueng Range (ทิวเขาพลึง) as well as the western part of the Luang Prabang Range (ทิวเขาหลวงพระบาง). ![]() ![]() The Dawna Range (ทิวเขาดอยมอนกุจู) forms the western border of Thailand between Mae Hong Son and the Salween River, This area has the highest elevations, with Doi Inthanon, the highest point in Thailand, reaching 2,565 metres (8,415 ft).
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